Assertion and Reason Practice Questions

5 questions per page • Detailed step-by-step solutions

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Question 31
Easy
A person standing in the middle of a desert road on an overcast rainy afternoon easily observes shimmering pool mirages.|Mirages require steep positive vertical temperature lapse rates near the ground produced by intense solar baking of the surface.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; mirages never form on overcast rainy afternoons because ground heating is completely absent. Reason (R) is true; inferior mirages require extreme solar heating of the road/sand to superheat adjacent air layers. With (A) false and (R) true, option D is correct.
Question 32
Medium
A convex mirror is installed as a driver side-view mirror in passenger automobiles.|Convex mirrors produce diminished, inverted images of objects located at any distance in front of them.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; convex mirrors give a wider field of view for drivers. Reason (R) is false; convex mirrors always produce diminished, erect (upright), and virtual images—never inverted images for real objects. With (A) true and (R) false, option C is correct.
Question 33
Medium
The Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946 explicitly accepted the demand for the partition of India into two sovereign nations.|The Cabinet Mission concluded that a separate sovereign state of Pakistan would fail to resolve communal minority problems while shattering subcontinent railway and postal integrity.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; the Cabinet Mission unequivocally REJECTED the demand for a separate Pakistan. Reason (R) is true; the Mission documented that Pakistan would leave large non-Muslim minorities in Punjab/Bengal and massive Muslim populations in India while breaking communications and defense integrity. With (A) false and (R) true, option D is correct.
Question 34
Medium
A piece of chalk dipped into liquid blue ink absorbs the ink pigment throughout its entire interior volume within seconds.|Chalk absorbs ink solely through uniform chemical bulk absorption rather than surface adsorption.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; breaking the dipped chalk reveals that the blue pigment is ADSORBED only on the surface, while the clear solvent (water) ABSORBS into the interior, leaving the inner core white. Reason (R) is false; ink retention involves differential sorption (surface adsorption of dye + bulk capillary absorption of solvent), not uniform bulk absorption of dye. Both (A) and (R) are false, so option E is correct.
Question 35
Medium
Eating large amounts of well-cooked egg whites causes biotin deficiency.|Avidin in egg white is heat-stable and is not denatured by cooking.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; the deficiency is linked to raw egg white; cooking inactivates avidin. Reason (R) is false; avidin is denatured by heat and then no longer binds biotin. Both statements ignore the effect of cooking on avidin, so option E is correct.
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