Assertion and Reason Practice Questions

5 questions per page • Detailed step-by-step solutions

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Question 11
Easy
The Rowlatt Act of 1919 was vehemently opposed by Mahatma Gandhi and the nationalist press.|The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919 authorized detention of political suspects without trial for up to two years and suspended habeas corpus.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; Gandhi organized nationwide satyagraha against the 'Black Act'. Reason (R) is true; the statute subverted the fundamental rule of law ('No Dalil, No Vakil, No Appeal') by allowing indefinite detention without trial and secret summary proceedings. (R) is the exact statutory reason for widespread nationalist protests.
Question 12
Medium
Gravitational acceleration increases as a person descends into a deep mine.|By the shell theorem, the shell of Earth above the observer pulls him downward with extra force.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; inside Earth, g decreases with depth as g(1 − d/R). Reason (R) is false; the shell above an interior point exerts zero net force on it. Both statements misapply the shell theorem, so option E is correct.
Question 13
Easy
The Deccan Plateau receives more Southwest Monsoon rainfall than the windward slopes of the Western Ghats.|The Western Ghats run parallel to the moisture-laden Arabian Sea winds, letting them pass without ascent.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; the leeward Deccan is a rain-shadow area, getting far less rain than the windward Ghats. Reason (R) is false; the Ghats lie roughly perpendicular to the south-westerlies and force them to rise. Both statements deny orographic rainfall, so option E is correct.
Question 14
Medium
During intense anaerobic muscular exercise, strenuous contraction induces accumulation of lactic acid, triggering muscle burning sensation.|During intense anaerobic exercise, lactate dehydrogenase oxidises lactate to pyruvate to generate extra ATP.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; vigorous anaerobic bursts produce rapid lactate accumulation and acidosis. Reason (R) is false; during anaerobic work the enzyme reduces pyruvate to lactate to regenerate NAD⁺, and that step makes no ATP. With (A) true and (R) false, option C is correct.
Question 15
Easy
A capacitor offers zero resistance to a steady direct current in the steady state.|Capacitive reactance increases with frequency, so it is zero for DC.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; once charged, a capacitor blocks steady DC completely. Reason (R) is false; Xc = 1/(2πfC) decreases as frequency rises and tends to infinity as f → 0. Both statements treat the capacitor like an inductor, so option E is correct.
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