Assertion and Reason Practice Questions

5 questions per page • Detailed step-by-step solutions

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Question 6
Easy
Excessive consumption of polished white rice as a dietary staple can lead to the deficiency disease Beriberi.|Polished white rice keeps longer in storage than brown rice because the oil-rich bran is removed.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; populations subsisting predominantly on polished white rice historically suffered from Beriberi. Reason (R) is true; bran oils turn rancid, so milling extends shelf life. Better shelf life does not explain beriberi; the disease follows from losing thiamine with the bran and germ, so option B.
Question 7
Hard
The sky at sunset and twilight appears deep orange-red, whereas the zenith overhead retains a dark blue hue known as the Chappuis absorption band.|Stratospheric ozone absorbs green and orange wavelengths via the Chappuis band, permitting blue light to dominate the overhead zenith during twilight.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true in substance; the deep-blue twilight zenith is produced by Chappuis absorption, though the hue itself is not 'known as' the band, as the wording suggests. Reason (R) is true; sunlight grazing through stratospheric ozone loses yellow-orange wavelengths (roughly 500–700 nm) in the Chappuis band. With orange and yellow removed, blue dominates the overhead sky at twilight, so (R) explains (A).
Question 8
Easy
The Non-Cooperation Movement was abruptly withdrawn by Mahatma Gandhi in February 1922.|Gandhi withdrew the Non-Cooperation Movement after he was arrested and sentenced in the Great Trial at Ahmedabad.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; Gandhi called off the movement via the Bardoli resolution on 12 February 1922. Reason (R) is false; the withdrawal came on 12 February 1922 after Chauri Chaura, while Gandhi was arrested only in March 1922. With (A) true and (R) false, option C is correct.
Question 9
Medium
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha vacates their office immediately upon the dissolution of the House.|Under Article 94 of the Constitution of India, the Speaker remains in office until immediately before the first meeting of the newly elected Lok Sabha.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; dissolution of the Lok Sabha dissolves the legislative body, but the Speaker does not vacate office immediately. Reason (R) is true; proviso to Article 94 explicitly states that whenever the House of the People is dissolved, the Speaker shall not vacate their office until immediately before the first meeting of the reconstituted House. With (A) false and (R) true, option D is correct.
Question 10
Medium
Commercial banks are mandated to maintain high-quality liquid assets (HQLA) under the Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) framework.|Basel III also introduced a Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) to promote stable funding over a one-year horizon.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; central banks mandate LCR >= 100% using HQLA (cash, sovereign debt). Reason (R) is true; NSFR requires available stable funding to at least equal required stable funding. NSFR is a separate, longer-term standard; the HQLA requirement in (A) comes from the 30-day stress test of the LCR, so option B.
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