Assertion and Reason Practice Questions

5 questions per page • Detailed step-by-step solutions

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Question 46
Medium
The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was Mahatma Gandhi's first civil disobedience movement in British India.|European indigo planters compelled tenant peasants under the Tinkathia system to cultivate indigo on 3/20th of their total landholdings.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: B

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is true; Champaran marked Gandhi's first active mass civil disobedience intervention in India. Reason (R) is true; the Tinkathia system legally forced farmers to dedicate 3 out of every 20 kathas to indigo cultivation for European planters. While both statements are accurate historical facts, the definition of Tinkathia in (R) describes the local grievance, not why this specific agitation constituted Gandhi's first civil disobedience method; hence option B.
Question 47
Medium
The Finance Commission of India is a permanent standing body that sits continuously throughout the year.|Article 280 of the Constitution provides that the President shall constitute a Finance Commission at the expiration of every fifth year or earlier.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; the Finance Commission is a quasi-judicial, episodic ad-hoc body constituted periodically (typically every five years), dissolving after submitting its recommendations. Reason (R) is true; Article 280(1) authorizes the President to constitute the commission every five years. With (A) false and (R) true, option D is correct.
Question 48
Easy
A person can jump higher on Earth than on the Moon using the same muscular effort.|The Moon's surface gravity is about six times that of Earth.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; the same take-off speed carries a jumper about six times higher on the Moon. Reason (R) is false; lunar surface gravity is about 1.62 m/s², roughly one-sixth of Earth's 9.8 m/s². Both statements invert the Earth–Moon gravity ratio, so option E is correct.
Question 49
Easy
The daytime sky on the Moon appears bright blue, just as on Earth.|The Moon has a dense nitrogen–oxygen atmosphere that scatters sunlight.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; the lunar sky is black even in full daylight. Reason (R) is false; the Moon has only a near-vacuum exosphere, with nothing to scatter light. Both statements give the Moon an Earth-like atmosphere, so option E is correct.
Question 50
Easy
Astronomical telescopes for faint deep-sky objects need the smallest possible objective apertures.|A smaller objective collects more light and gives finer angular resolution.
A Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
B Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
C (A) is true, but (R) is false.
D (A) is false, but (R) is true.
E Both (A) and (R) are false.
Correct Answer: E

Explanation:

Assertion (A) is false; deep-sky telescopes need the largest apertures they can get. Reason (R) is false; light grasp grows as D² and the resolution limit θ ≈ 1.22λ/D improves with larger D. Both statements invert the aperture rule, so option E is correct.
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