Aptitude - Profit and Loss
11.
Ravi buys some toffees at 2 for a rupee and sells them at 5 for a rupee. His loss percent is :
Answer
Let the number of toffees bought be (2 x 5) = 10
C.P. of 10 toffees = Rs.
12 x 10 
= Rs. 5
S.P. of 10 toffees = Rs. 15 x 10 = Rs. 2
Loss % = 35 x 100 % = 60%
Answer :
Option CExplanation :
Let the number of toffees bought be (2 x 5) = 10
C.P. of 10 toffees = Rs.
12 x 10 = Rs. 5S.P. of 10 toffees = Rs.
15 x 10 = Rs. 2Loss % =
35 x 100 % = 60% 12.
A dealer professing to sell his goods at cost price, uses 800 gm weight for 1 kg. His gain percent is :
Answer
Gain % =
Error(True Value) − (Error) x 100 
% = 200800 x 100 % = 25%
Answer :
Option DExplanation :
Gain % =
Error(True Value) − (Error) x 100 % = 200800 x 100 % = 25% 13.
A trader lists his articles 20% above cost price and allows a discount of 10% on cash payment. His gain percent is :
Answer
Let C.P. be Rs. 100. Then, M.P. = Rs. 120
S.P. = 90% of Rs. 120 = 90100 x 120 = Rs. 108
∴ Gain% = 8%
Answer :
Option BExplanation :
Let C.P. be Rs. 100. Then, M.P. = Rs. 120
S.P. = 90% of Rs. 120 =
90100 x 120 = Rs. 108∴ Gain% = 8%
14.
Mukesh purchased 40 kg of wheat at Rs. 12.50 per kg and 25 kg of wheat at Rs. 15.10 per kg. He mixed the two quantities of wheat for selling. At what rate should it be sold to gain 10% ?
Answer
C.P. of (40 + 25)kg of mix.
= Rs. (40 x 12.5 + 25 x 15.10) = Rs. (500 + 377.50) = Rs. 877.50
C.P. of 1 kg of mix = Rs. 877.5065 = Rs. 13.5, Gain% = 10%
∴ S.P. of 1 kg of mix = Rs. 13.5 x 110100 = Rs. 14.85
Answer :
Option DExplanation :
C.P. of (40 + 25)kg of mix.
= Rs. (40 x 12.5 + 25 x 15.10) = Rs. (500 + 377.50) = Rs. 877.50
C.P. of 1 kg of mix = Rs. 877.5065 = Rs. 13.5, Gain% = 10%
∴ S.P. of 1 kg of mix = Rs.
13.5 x 110100 = Rs. 14.85 15.
On a Rs. 10000 payment order a person has choice between three successive discounts of 10%, 10% and 30% and three successive disocunts of 40%, 5% and 5%. By choosing the better one, he can save :
Answer
1st payment = 90% of 90% of 70% of Rs. 10000
= Rs. 90100 x 90100 x 70100 x 10000 = Rs. 5670
2nd payment = 60% of 95% of 95% of Rs. 10000
= Rs. 60100 x 95100 x 95100 x 10000 = Rs. 5415
By choosing the better one he can save Rs. (5670 − 5415) = Rs. 255
Answer :
Option BExplanation :
1st payment = 90% of 90% of 70% of Rs. 10000
= Rs.
90100 x 90100 x 70100 x 10000 = Rs. 56702nd payment = 60% of 95% of 95% of Rs. 10000
= Rs.
60100 x 95100 x 95100 x 10000 = Rs. 5415By choosing the better one he can save Rs. (5670 − 5415) = Rs. 255
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